Suboptimal ART adherence, undetectable urine tenofovir, and higher C-reactive protein values
Abstract
Even with antiretroviral therapy, people with HIV often face residual immune activation and chronic systemic inflammation, heightening their risk for early-onset comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease. In a study of 492 men who have sex with men, suboptimal ART adherence, measured by undetectable urine tenofovir, was directly associated with elevated C-reactive protein, even after adjusting for viral suppression and stimulant use. These findings highlight the importance of adherence monitoring to reduce inflammation-related chronic health outcomes.
Full citation:
Ghanooni D, Heise MJ, Sassaman K, Glidden DV, Martinson T, Mahuvakar S, Duncan DT, Horvath KJ, Hirshfield S, Williams R, Johnson MO, Grov C, Gandhi M, Carrico AW, Spinelli M (2025). Suboptimal ART adherence, undetectable urine tenofovir, and higher C-reactive protein values
AIDS, 39 (13), 1975-1978. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004288. PMCID: PMC12479088.